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In the history of Turkish art, enamel in jewellery is a traditional handicraft with a rich cultural heritage. The art of enamel is carried out by melting and processing glass powders on precious metals such as gold and silver and draws attention with its unique colors. Enameling, which has an important place in the history of jewelery in Turkey, has a deep-rooted history.
The Origins of Turkish Enamel Farming in Central Asia
The origins of enamel in Turkish history can be traced back to Central Asia. The tradition of metalworking and decoration, which began during the period of the Huns and Göktürks, manifests itself in horse harnesses, weapon decorations and jewelry. Artifacts found in archaeological excavations belonging to the Göktürk period reveal the early mastery of the Turks in enamel.
The Art of Enamel Painting in the Seljuk Period
During the Anatolian Seljuk and Great Seljuk periods, the art of enamel was highly developed. The works produced during this period were often decorated with geometric patterns, plant motifs and calligraphy. Enameled jewelery works produced in cities such as Konya, Kayseri and Sivas are among the valuable historical examples that have survived to the present day.
Enamel in the Ottoman Period: The Golden Age of Jewellery
During the Ottoman Empire, the art of enamel had its heyday. This art, which took shape in the hands of palace jewelers, was frequently used in jewelry boxes, cup envelopes, crests, brooches and rings. Ottoman enamel artifacts produced in cities such as Istanbul, Bursa and Edirne are exhibited in museums around the world today.
Techniques Used in Enamel and Their Properties
Various techniques have been used in Turkish enamel art. The most well-known of these are pit enamel, cell enamel and relief enamel. In the hollow enamel technique, colored glass powder is melted and applied to the areas that are deeply opened to the metal surface, while in the cell enamel technique, glass powders are placed in the cells formed with metal wires. Embossing enamel technique, on the other hand, is the application of enamel material to the surface in the form of high embosses.
Modern Turkish Enamel in the Republican Period
During the Republican period, while traditional enamel methods were preserved, modern works began to be produced by blending them with contemporary design approaches. Today, the works created by young artists by combining traditional techniques with innovative and contemporary designs increase the popularity of Turkish enamel.
The Future and Importance of the Art of Enamel in Turkey
In Turkey, the art of enamel continues to maintain its importance among traditional handicrafts and is passed on to future generations thanks to the master-apprentice relationship. In terms of keeping cultural heritage alive, enamel is an indispensable part of Turkey's jewelry history. The protection and promotion of Turkish enamel artifacts is of great importance in terms of the sustainability of the country's tourism and cultural richness.
